Iipropathi zoomatshini bezinto zePolymer

August 22, 2024

Iipropathi zoomatshini

1. Amandla e-thensle

Kwiqondo lokushisa elichaziweyo lovavanyo, umswakama kunye nesantya sesicelo, kwicala le-axilial ye-aximen yokufaka umthwalo we-tensle, kude kube ngumonakalo omkhulu. Ukuqhekeka kwe-Chappimen ngoxinzelelo lwe-ntensle, obizwa ngokuba ngamandla e-gile (amandla e-nye). Amandla e-subile (σt) ibalwa ngokwefom yefomula elandelayo:

Apho p ngowona mthwalo uphakamileyo, n; Bububanzi bomzekelo, m; D Ngaba ubukhulu bomzekelo, m. Owona mthwalo uphezulu we-chimer, n, ngowona mthwalo uphezulu.

1) I-Elongiya kwikhefu xa isampula yesampulu, inxalenye esebenzayo yomgama ongezelelweyo phakathi kwabamakishi kunye nabamakishi bokuqala bomlinganiso wepesenti, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-elongication kwikhefu (i-elongation). I-Elongition kwikhefu (εt) ibalwe ngokwefom yefomula elandelayo

Apho i-L0 ubude bokuqala boMqambi we-STAMEEN, MM; L bubude obuqhelekileyo bokwaphuka, mm.

2) Umyinge we-Poisson kwi-Poisson kumda wezinto, ixabiso elipheleleyo lomlinganiso woxinzelelo olugqithisileyo olubangelwa kukusasazwa okungafaniyo kuxinzelelo lwe-Lostson ehambelana ne-Poisson. Umyinge wePoisson (ν) ungabalwa yile fomula elandelayo:

Apho εt yintsomi enqamlezileyo kwaye ε ngumphambukeli wexesha elide.

I-3) Imodleleni ye-Elastikity kumda olinganayo, umyinge woxinzelelo lwe-tensle kwizinto ezinxulumene nokubizwa ngokuba yiTensle (ikwabizwa ngokuba yimodyuli ye-Elastity), ekwabizwa ngokuba yimodyuli yoMncinci. Imodyuli ye-tensle ye-elastity (et) ibalwa ngokwefom yefomula elandelayo:

Apho σT ixinezelelelo kwaye i-εt ingucimo.

UMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUVAVANYA: GB / T 1040-2022 Indlela yovavanyo lweePropathi zeTestonics zePlastiki.

2. Amandla oxinzelelo

Umthwalo ocociweyo usetyenziswa kuzo zombini iziphelo zesampulu de kufike ii-uppturns ze-roptle (izinto ze-Brittle) okanye izivuno (izinto ezingekho phantsi).

Okanye isivuno (izinto ezingekho phantsi kwe-Brittle) xa olona xinzelelo lubukhulu bengcinezelo, olwaziwayo njengothintelo (amandla oxinzelelo). Amandla oxinzelelo (σc) ibalwa ngokwefom yefomula elandelayo:

Apho kuqhekezwe okanye ukuvelisa umthwalo, n; F yindawo yokuqala yecandelo le-timent ye-timemen, m2.

Imodyuli yoxinzelelo (i-EC) ibalwa ngale quation ilandelayo:

Phi i-σC yoxinzelelo lokucinezelwa, PA; I-εc yingxaki yoxinzelelo.

UMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUVAVANYA: GB / T 1041-200 Indlela yokuSebenza yePlasitiki yokuSebenza.

3. Amandla e-flexual

Uxinzelelo oluphezulu oluveliswa xa umbandela uphantsi komthwalo otshabalalisayo owonakalisayo okanye ofikelela kwinqanaba elichaziweyo libizwa ngokuba yiRousXority yamandla. Amandla atshiwa (σF) abalwa ngokwefom yefomula elandelayo:

Apho i-p ngumthwalo ogobileyo kwi-stappeen, n; L lilixesha lemifuno, m; Bububanzi bomzekelo, m; D Ngaba ubukhulu bomzekelo, m.

I-flexile ye-Elasticy: Kwiplasitiki kumda wokuLungiswa koxinzelelo kunye nomyinge wayo ohambelana noxinzelelo obizwa ngokuba yi-flexitus mofuty (i-smostic mogultity), okanye nje umntwana omodukeyo.

I-ShetXoul Modyuli (i-EF) ibalwa ngale fomula ilandelayo:

Apho σF luxinzelelo olukhulu, Pa; I-εF ngumphambukeli.

UMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUVAVANYA: GB / T 9341-2008 Indlela yovavanyo yokuSebenza kwePlastiki.

4. Ukomelela kweMpembelelo

Amandla empembelelo (amandla empembelelo) imele ubuchule obukhulu bokwezixhobo zokumelana nomthwalo wempembelelo. Oko kukuthi, phantsi komthwalo wempembelelo, ukutshatyalaliswa komsebenzi kuchithwe kwaye umyinge wommandla wecandelo lecandelo le-timent. Zimbini iindlela zovavanyo zokuqinisa amafutha ezixhobo.

I-1) I-TEAM YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA Impembelelo Amandla ePhantsi (i-αn) kunye namandla empembelelo (αk) babalwa ngokwefom yefomula:

Unnotched impact strength (αn) and notched im

kwaye

Apho, ngumsebenzi otyiweyo ngovavanyo olungabhalwanga, J; I-AK yomsebenzi otyiweyo yi-Supedy, J; Bububanzi bovavanyo, m; D bububanzi bombhalo ongenangazinzanga, m; I-DK yi-supimen engafakwanga kubunzima obuseleyo, m. 2) Indlela yokuvavanya ifuthe lePubiam yePlaim Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Supeclen, amandla empembelelo (αk) ibalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo

2) Indlela yokuvavanya ifuthe le-Tam ye-Bream ye-Bream Ifuthe Le ndlela isebenzisa i-itshisiwe, kunye namandla ayo (αk) ibalwa ngokwefomyula elandelayo:

Apho umsebenzi udliwe nini xa kuqhekezwa imiqondiso, j; ΔE ngumsebenzi otyiweyo ngokuphosa isiphelo sasimahla sesamente ephukileyo, j; Bububanzi bomzekelo wase-Notch, m.

Umgangatho wovavanyo: GB / T 1043-2018 Iplastiki eqinileyo ye-rigid kuphela exhaswayo

I-GB / T 1843-2008 Indlela yovavanyo lwePlaphu yePlaysi yePlaysi yePlayplever; I-GB / T 14485-1993 Indlela yovavanyo lwempembelelo yePlastiki yobunjineli

I-14485-1993 Indlela yovavanyo lokungaxhathisi bempembelelo zeplasitiki yobunjineli iplastiki kunye neenxalenye zeplastiki; I-GB / T 11548-1989 Indlela yovavanyo lokungaxhathisi bempembelelo kwiplate yeplastiki

Ukuwela indlela ye-hammer; I-GB / T 13525-1992 Indlela yovavanyo lokunganyangeki kweflene yePlain.

5. Ubunzima

Ubunzima bubhekisa ekuchanyoneni kwempahla yePolymer ukuya kwi-induction kunye nokukrazula. Ngokwendlela yovavanyo, kukho amaxabiso amane asetyenzisiweyo.

1) I-Brinell Hard HB (Brinell Hard)

Beka ububanzi obuthile bebhola yentsimbi, phantsi kwesenzo somthwalo ochaziweyo, cinezela inqaku kwaye ugcine ixesha elithile, ukuya kubunzulu be-induction kwi-induction ukubala indawo yeyunithi, nge

Njengomlinganiso wobunzima. Inkcazo yabo

kwaye

Apho umthwalo osetyenzisiweyo, n; D ubukhulu bebhola yentsimbi, m; D ububanzi be-induction, m; H bubunzulu be-induction, m.

Umgangatho wovavanyo: HG2-168-65 i-brinell ye-brinell yovavanyo lweplastiki

2) ubunzima

Phantsi kwesenzo se-Innter esemgangathweni ngomthwalo ochaziweyo, ubunzulu bentswelo ye-Inderter bucinezelwe kwinqaku emva kwexesha elimiselweyo lithathwa njengexabiso lexabiso lonxweme. Ubunzima bonxweme buhlulwe baba lunxweme a kwaye lwangaphambili lusebenza kwizinto ezithambileyo; Le yokugqibela isebenza kwizixhobo ezinzima.

Umgangatho wovavanyo: GB / T 2411-2008 Indlela yovavanyo lovavanyo lweplastiki

3) ubunzima be-rockwell

I-Rockwell ubunzima zineendlela ezimbini zokubonisa. I-rought Hardess Amenter Ibhola yentsimbi ethile yentsimbi, kumthwalo ovela kumthwalo wokuqala wanyusa umthwalo ophambili, emva koko wabuyela kumthwalo wokuqala, ibhola kwi-roundwell hards Ixabiso, eliboniswe kwi-HR. Le ndlela yokubiwa isebenza kwizixhobo ezinzima, yahlulahlulahlulahlulahlulahlula-r, m, y lind.

Umgangatho wovavanyo: GB / T 9342-88 Indlela yovavanyo lweProtwell

② Rockwell H Ubukhali kububanzi obuthile bebhola yentsimbi, phantsi kwesenzo somthwalo omiselweyo, sicinezelwe kubunzulu bomgangatho wobunzima, oboniswe kwi-H.

Umgangatho wovavanyo: GB / T 3398-2008 Indlela yovavanyo lwe-hard

4) Ubunzima be-barcol

I-Inderter ethile icinezelwe kwintwasahlobo esemgangathweni phantsi koxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo.

Ingcinezelo yentwasahlobo ene-imerter ekhethekileyo kwingcinezelo esemgangathweni eya kwinqaku, ubunzulu bohlobo lwayo ukubeka ubunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo. Le ndlela ilungele ukumisela ubulukhuni befibeber of Plastiki kunye neemveliso zabo, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kubunzima bezodwa zeplastiki ezinzima.

UMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUVAVANYA: GB / T 3854-2017 fiber-spoin eqinisa i-Bhachmics Bhachmann (i-bakel)

Indlela yovavanyo lobunzima.

6. Creep

Ngaphantsi kwemeko yobushushu obuqhubekayo kunye nokufuma, ukungcungcutheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuyakonyuka ngexesha eliphantsi kwesenzo esiqhubekayo sangaphandle.

Phantsi kweqondo lobushushu kunye nemeko yokufuma, umbandela ophantsi kwesenzo esiqhubekayo samandla angaphandle angaphandle, ukungcungcutheka kunyuke ngexesha; Ukuhlaziywa ngokuthe ngcembe kancinci emva kokususwa kwamandla angaphandle, le phenomeno ibizwa ngokuba yi-creep (i-creep).

Le nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-creep. Ngenxa yobume obahlukileyo bomsebenzi wangaphandle, ngokufuthi banokwahlulwa baba yi-tinsle censep, i-curtion cerp, i-shear creep kunye nokugoba i-creep.

Umgangatho wovavanyo: GB / T 11546-2022 Ukuzimisela kokusebenza kweplastiki

7. Ukudinwa

Ukudinwa (ukudinwa) yinto ephantsi kokutshintsha uxinzelelo lwe-cyclic okanye uxinzelelo olubangelwa ziinguqu zendawo kunye neziphene zangaphakathi kwinkqubo yophuhliso. Ukudinwa yinkqubo yotshintsho lwesakhiwo lwasekhaya kunye nophuhliso lweziphene zangaphakathi ezibangelwe xa umxholo uphantsi kwamanye amaxinzelelo e-cyclic okanye ubunzima.

8. Uxinzelelo kunye nokunxiba

Izinto ezimbini zokunxibelelana nomnye, kukho ukushenxiswa kwesalamane phakathi kolunye okanye utyekelo lwendawo yokuhlala, amajoni phakathi komntu ngamnye ukuba athintele ukufuduswa, ngokubhekisele ekuphoseni. Ukusebenza kwengqumbo kwaye unxibe uphawu lweepropathi zeflethi yezinto ezikhoyo.

I-1) i-fections isebenze (i-coandes)

Ubuninzi be-firic firic fmax ibalwe ngokwefom yefomula elandelayo

kwaye

apho \.K) ukulandelelana kwembambano ye-kinetic, kwaye p luxinzelelo olululo, n.

2) I-Abrasion

Isixa sezinto ezibonakalayo emva kokuthambeka kwexesha elithile okanye ixesha lexesha eliphantsi kweemeko zovavanyo ezichaziweyo libizwa ngokuba yi-abrasion.

Isixa sezinto ezibonakalayo emva kokuthambeka kwexesha elithile okanye ikhosi ebizwa ngokuba yi-abrasion. Okungcono ukunyangwa kwe-arasion yezinto, ukunciphisa inani le-abrasion.

UMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUVAVANYA: GB / T 3960-2016 Ukunxiba i-Dection Fiction Indlela yovavanyo lwePlastiki / T 5478-2008 Iindlela zokuhamba zinxibe iplastiki.

Ngaphambili

Okulandelayo

Qhagamshelana nathi

Author:

Ms. Tina

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Imveliso eDumekayo

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