Iiplasitiki, uninzi lwazo izixhobo zokufaka (ngokubanzi, ukuxhathisa izixhobo zokunxila zingaphezulu kwe-107 OHM-M, oko kukuthi, ukuqhubela phambili kwe-10- s / m). Izixhobo zokuthambisa zeplastiki zibalulekile kwizinto zombane kunye ne-elektroniki kunye ne-elektroniki, e & e), kunye nokukhetha kwabo isiseko kunye nokuthembeka kwesitshixo sezixhobo zombane kunye ne-elektroniki. Izixhobo zokuthambisa zeplastiki kwisicelo sepropathi esisiseko zibandakanya iipropathi zombane, iipropathi zoomatshini, iipropathi zoomatshini, ezinye iipropathi, ezibandakanya ilahleko ye-Delector, amandla eDeectric , Ukuxhathisa kwimikhwa ye-elektrostatic, ukuxhathisa kwi-Arc yombane, ukuchasana ne-corona, ukukhululwa kwenxenye.
Ukusebenza kwezixhobo zeplastiki kwicandelo lombane, sihlala sisebenzisa iipropathi zediliya ukuchaza, ngokukodwa kubandakanya ukuqhubela phambili kukaDeectric, ilahleko yeDeectric, kunye ne-Delectric Andricars, kunye ne-Deectric Prometers (ΔV, ρs) , iDelectrive Deectrive (εr), ilahleko ye-Deectric Angular Tanger (Tan δ) kunye namandla kaDiectric (EJ). Ngamafutshane, iimpahla zeplastiki zeplastiki yokuqhutywa, ipolima, ilahleko, kunye nokuqhekeka kwindawo yombane. Ngokubanzi, ukufunyanwa kwenxalenye yeplastiki kubandakanya ukufuduswa komhlaba kunye nokufakelwa ngaphakathi. Ukufakelwa komgangatho kububanzi obuninzi kubandakanya iipropathi ezinjengokuthintela umthambo, ukuxhathisa umkhondo we-Arc, ngelixa i-COROSE, njl. Njl.
1. Ukunganyangeki nokuxhathiswa
Ukunganyangeki kwentengiso yenye yeeparamitha ezisisiseko zokuphawula iipropathi ze-insulawers, ukunyangwa kwe-inshurensi equlathe iinxalenye ezimbini, ukuchasana komgangatho, i-RS), ukunyangwa okungaphezulu, ukunyangwa okungahambelaniyo Ukunganyangwa kwevolumu Inzondelelo ehambelana nokunganyangekala komntu Ukusuka kwinkcazo, ukuchasana kwevolumu kubekwa kwi-Specian "ezimbini" kumphezulu wee-elektroni ezimbini phakathi kwe-elektroniki ye-DC kwaye ihambe kwii-elektroniki eziphithileyo, ukungqubana kwevolumu, ukuchasana kwevolumu ivolumu nganye; Ukuyekiswa okungaphezulu kufakwa kwi-Specian "A" kumphezulu wee-elektroni ezimbini, ukunqunyulwa okungaphezulu kubekwa kwi-timen "a" umphezulu "kwi-electros ezimbini. Ukuchasana komphezulu kwi-Specian "A" kumphezulu wee-elektroni ezimbini ze-voltage yongezwa phakathi kwe-electode ezimbini kunye nokuhamba kwezi zimbini zokunganyangekiyo kwendawo yokuchasana. Ngapha koko, izinto zeplastiki zeplastiki kwicandelo lombane, kuya kubakho okuncinci okwangoku, ngoku nge-phenomenon, ebizwa ngokuba ngumvundla, ngokubhekisele kwi-leakued okwangoku.
Imigangatho ephambili yovavanyo kunye nokuxhathisa ngaphezulu kwezixhobo zeplastiki ze-IEC 60093, i-ASTM D257 kunye ne-GB / T 1410. Kuyimfuneko ukuba i-GB / T 1410. Kuyi Iziphumo zokunyangwa kokufakwa kweplastiki. Ukuyekiswa kwevolumo lokuthathwa kwezixhobo zeplastiki eziphakathi kwe-107 ~ 1016 ω-M kunye nokuhlala okungaphaya kokuthintelwa phakathi kwe-1010 ~ 1017 ω. Ngokubanzi, ukuxhathisa iipollys ezingezizo ezingengophalane zikhulu kancinci kunelo zeepolirmers ezinkulu, kodwa ngenxa yomahluko omkhulu ekuqulunqweni kwezixhobo, inkqubo yokwenziwa, kunye nokusebenza kwezinto ezifanayo zahluka kakhulu.
2. I-Deectric Sheet kunye nelahleko yeDelectric
Ukugqibelela kwemvume (okwabizwa ngokuba nobulungisa, εr) sisizathu sokunyanzelwa kwe-electrodes ye-capacitods kunye noxanduva lokuqwalaselwa kwe-elektrode xa i-electros igcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo ngezinto eziphathwayo. I-Diectric Hostant yimveliso ye-Delectrine Deectrive Deecture kunye ne-vacuum diecturisper rhoqo. Ilahleko yelahleko yeDiecritric (δ), yinipha intsalela yenqanaba lenqanaba phakathi kwevolthi efakwe kwi-capacinage efakwe kwi-capacitor enezinto ezifakelweyo kunye nesidima. I-Tangent ye-Angle yelahleko yeDiecric (ebizwa ngokuba yi-Delectric Factor yeDelector, into yokuSebenzisa, iTanδ) ngumyinge wamandla asebenzayo okwenza izinto ezisetyenziswayo xa i-voltage isetyenziswa, okt, i-tangent ye-engle δ . Kwimithombo ye-DATAMBle, umthombo wesidlo saseDiecric sihlala sibonisa izinto zeplastiki ezenziwe kwicandelo lombane, zenza intsimi yombane, enciphisa amandla ombane, onciphisa amandla endawo yombane; Umthombo welahleko ye-diectric yindawo yokufaka iplastiki eqingqiweyo kwicandelo lombane, efumana amandla ombane kwaye ayihlutha ngendlela yobushushu.
I-Inforlical i-Internative Playletrity Delectric Prement kunye ne-Diectric Pholtor yeMigangatho yoVavanyo yeyokuba ye-IEC 60250, i-ASTM D150, i-GB / T 1409. Apha ukukhangela i-biby ~ ye-gesticy yeplastiki, kunye ne Ukunyuka kwe-frequency yefilimu yombane, i-dielectric rhoqo ihla, ilahleko yelahleko yediliya. I-pollar eqhelekileyo okanye i-polar ebomvu, enjenge-polythylene, i-polystyrene, i-polytetrafluorofylene kunye ne-2 ~ 3). 4); IPlastali yePlarikhi, ezinjenge-PVC, i-fency ressins, njl. Njl. Njengokuxhathisa, i-dielectric rhoqo kwaye ilahleko yediski yeplastiki yokuthambisa ikwachaphazeleka kukwenziwa kwempahla, inkqubo yokwenziwa, kunye neemeko zokuvavanya.
3. Amandla kaDiectric
Amandla kaDiectoric (amandla eDeleric) uvavanyo lwahlulwe lwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulo kunye nevolthi yokumelana novavanyo. Uvavanyo lokuqhekeka kwi-voltage qhoge, kwenzeka ukuba imeko yokonakaliswa, oko kukuthi, i-voltage yobuqhetseba (i-voltaged (i-gonseli eqhekezayo), iyunithi yobuqhetseba i-voltage of Wort (i-KV / MM). Ukuvavanywa kwe-voltages kukwi-voltage yenyathelo lenyathelo, i-vortagend yesona voltage ephezulu, oko kukuthi, i-voltage (inyamezele i-voltage okanye i-voltage); Kwinqanaba le-voltage, lonke ixesha lovavanyo alwenzeki phakathi koqhawulo mtshato. Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba, ngexesha lovavanyo, kukho ukubakho kwento enokwenzeka, oko kukuthi, i-starim kunye ne-elecreen kunye ne-electros kunye ne-electros kunye ne-electrodes ejikeleze igesi okanye i-allium enesiphako, ibangela isekethe yovavanyo.
Imigangatho ephambili yokuvavanya amandla kaDiectric yeZinto zePlaysi I-IEC 60243, i-ASTM D149, GB / T 1608, i-GB / T 1695 yindlela yovavanyo irabha. Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba uvavanyo lwamandla oluntu lwezinto eziphathekayo luchaphazelekile kukwaphuka kwe-voltage kunye ne-floquency (DC, i-Right, ixesha lokusebenza, ubungqingqwa kunye ne-inshomogenity yesakhelo kunye nendawo yokusingqongileyo. Amandla kaDiectoric of Sprict kunye neepleyiti zeplasitiki eziqhelekileyo kunye namashiti ajikeleze i-10 ~ i-60 kV / mm, kunye ne-Polycric AndromsProplene enjenge-Polypropylene, iPolysimide kunye ne-Polymimide ijikeleze i-100 ~ 300 kV / mm.
